The purpose of this unit is to build and consolidate the addition and subtraction facts to ten. These addition and subtraction facts are building blocks for part-whole thinking.
form addition facts to ten using dot patterns on a quinary frame.
form subtraction facts to ten using dot patterns on a quinary frame.
Number Framework Stage
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Advanced Counting (Counting-On).
Pre-requisite knowledge / skills: recognising and describing patterns to ten on pre-made cards
Quinary Tens Frames
A: Focus on Addition
Activity
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Teacher holds up a tens frame and asks
Tell me the number pattern?
How many gaps are there?
Teacher then states the appropriate number sentence e.g. 6 and 4 is 10. -
Repeat several times with all cards to build facts to ten.
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Teacher holds up a tens frame and asks
Who can tell me the number sentence for this card? -
Repeat several times, ensuring that all cards (0-10) have been covered up to this point.
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Teacher models the recording of the number sentences as “6 and 4 is ten”, then “6+4=10”
B: Focus on Subtraction
Activity
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Teacher explains to students that today
We are using the cards to work on take-away equations starting with ten. -
Teacher holds up a tens frame and asks
How many dots could I fit on this frame?
How many have gone?
How many are left?
Who can give me a number sentence for this card? -
If necessary the teacher gives the appropriate number sentence e.g. 10 take away 6 is 4
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Repeat several times with all cards to build facts to ten.
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Teacher gives the number sentence and asks the students to find the appropriate card. For example:
I had ten dots and I took away 6, how many do I have left? Can you find the card for that? How many are left? -
Teacher models the recording of the number sentences as “10 take away 6 is 4”, then “10 - 6 = 4”.
Broadening activities:
- Teacher demonstrates that the facts can be placed in a pattern i.e. 0 + 10 = 10, 1 + 9 = 10, 2 + 8 =10. After the teacher has given some of the pattern students can work independently to find the rest.
- Teacher gives students the number sentence and they find the matching dot pattern.
Independent Activities
- Students make their own dot patterns using blank tens frames and counters. They record these using + /or - and =. (Two sided counters ideal for this activity.)
- Students work on sheets of empty tens frames to fill in dots and record the corresponding number sentence.
- Given one card students record either two complimentary number sentences or the entire family of facts.
- Students match tens frames to appropriate number sentence on cards.
Notes:
There are many ways to record the work being done and what is appropriate depends on the students in the group. Options include:
- Teacher records
- Draw a picture
- Number story e.g. 3 and 4 make 7
- Number sentence or equation e.g. 3 + 4 = 7
- Use pre-made equations and match these to the appropriate card
- Use digit labels